Protocol Village: Clearpool, DeFi Credit Market, Expands to Optimism's OP Mainnet
The latest in blockchain tech upgrades, funding announcements and deals. For the period of Oct. 16-25, with live updates throughout.
Oct. 25: Clearpool, a DeFi credit marketplace, has expanded to Optimism's OP Mainnet and received a 150,000 OP grant (about $205,000) from the Optimism Foundation, entirely designated to reward lenders in the borrower pools, according to a message from the team. “Fasanara Digital and Portofino Technologies have launched the first pools, enabling users to lend USDT and earn auto-compounded, dynamic risk-adjusted returns with no lock-up periods. The pools also benefit from Idle's Yield Tranches (YTs), adding advanced risk diversification, and extra yields from Idle, which also received a 150,000 OP grant designated for lenders on Clearpool.”
Protocol Village is a regular feature of The Protocol, our weekly newsletter exploring the tech behind crypto, one block at a time. Sign up here to get it in your inbox every Wednesday. Project teams can submit updates here. For previous versions of Protocol Village, please go here.
Mastercard Teams Up With MoonPay for Web3 Push
Oct. 25: Mastercard has teamed up with MoonPay, a cryptocurrency and non-fungible tokens (NFTs) payments app, to explore how the blockchain-based Web3 world can connect with and build loyalty among consumers, the companies said at the Money20/20 event in Las Vegas. The partnership allows MoonPay to avail itself of Mastercard’s Crypto Credential system, a way of ensuring transactions are trusted and compliant with regulations, as well as integrating payments tech like Mastercard Send and Click to Pay, according to a blog post.
Index Coop Tokenizes CoinDesk Indices' Ether Trend Indicator
Oct. 25: The Index Coop, a DAO focused on on-chain structured products, launched a new “Index Coop CoinDesk ETH Trend Index (cdETI), a tokenized implementation of CoinDesk Indices’ Ether Trend Indicator, which is “designed to take advantage of ETH’s price volatility, without the need for constant market monitoring and active trading,” according to a press release.
LayerZero, Cross-Chain Protocol, Expands to Telos Network
Oct. 24: LayerZero, a cross-chain bridging protocol, has expanded to include Telos Network, a delegated proof-of-stake layer-1 blockchain compatible with Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) standard. "The tech will add a new layer of interoperability to the Web3 space by enabling users to seamlessly transfer assets between Telos, Ethereum, Arbitrum, BSC, Polygon and Avalanche," according to a message from the team.
LayerZero is live on Telos mainnet! pic.twitter.com/a7Tn491PHi
— LayerZero Labs (@LayerZero_Labs) October 24, 2023
Fantom Launches Testnet for 'Sonic'
Oct. 24: Fantom, a smart-contracts blockchain, launched a test network for "Sonic," its new technology stack, replacing the previous "Opera," according to a blog post. "Sonic is anticipated to achieve beyond 2,000 transactions per second at a finality of around one second. However, as this is the upper limit, the network will offer a far quicker sub-second finality under real-world circumstances. Storage requirements are reduced by up to 90%, which reduces validator node size from around 2,000 GB to 300 GB and non-pruned archival node size from above 11 TB to below 1 TB." $FTM
Today, #Fantom is thrilled to announce the launch of the #FantomSonic testnet environment!
— Fantom Foundation (@FantomFDN) October 24, 2023
Sonic’s three main upgrades include:
• Fantom Virtual Machine, which offers drastically faster smart contract execution compared to the old EVM.
• Carmen database storage, which uses a… pic.twitter.com/shovQtzMkd
Aleo, Privacy Blockchain, Unveils 'zPass' for Decentralized Identity
Oct. 24: Aleo, a privacy-focused protocol for decentralized applications with zero-knowledge proofs at layer 1, unveiled zPass, a decentralized digital identity solution, according to a message from the team. "Set to launch alongside Aleo’s mainnet this year, zPass uses ZK cryptography for private decentralized identity verification. ZPass can onboard pre-existing signed credentials (e.g., passports) as proofs on the Aleo blockchain that can be generated locally on a user's device, ensuring greater privacy. ZPass enables selective information sharing and seamless verification while shielding sensitive data and eliminating intermediaries."
Mastercard Plans Web3 Collaborations With Self-Custody Wallet Firms
Oct. 24: Payments giant Mastercard is exploring how best to collaborate with self-custody wallet firms like MetaMask and Ledger, according to a Web3 strategy workshop report seen by CoinDesk. Mastercard pointed out in a presentation deck that having a payments card helps wallet providers increase the number of active users and build loyalty and other revenue streams while giving cardholders the opportunity to spend their crypto balance in a frictionless way.
Bitmain, Crypto Mining Server Manufacturer, Announces Plans for Aleo Antminer
Oct. 24: Bitmain, the crypto mining-machine manufacturer, is planning the "Aleo Antminer" for the Aleo project, according to a notice on its website. Aleo, a layer-1 blockchain reliant on the Rust-based domain-specific languageLeo, uses zero-knowledge cryptography to enhance privacy. The startup Aleo Systems announced a $200 million funding round in early 2022. Aleo CEO Alex Pruden told CoinDesk in a statement Tuesday: "We’re excited to see Bitmain and others contribute to the space with their specialized proving hardware."
Cube.Exchange Raises $9M for Hiring, Marketing, Licensing
Oct. 24: Cube.Exchange, a hybrid trading platform fusing traditional finance with blockchain technology, has raised $9 million in seed funding, according to a press release. Investors include Asymmetric Technologies, Susquehanna Private Equity Investments, Everstake, Foundation Capital, Big Brain Holdings, Third Kind Venture Capital, Arche Fund, WW Ventures and members of Cube.Exchange management, according to a message from the team: “Many of the named firms are strategic partners. Proceeds will be used to hire in development, marketing, compliance and admin, to obtain licences, and to open additional offices. Cube.Exchange will launch as a spot exchange before expanding to additional offerings next year."
Celestia Labs, Pushing Toward Network Launch, Introduces 'Blobstream'
Oct. 23: Celestia Labs, which is helping to develop the Celestia blockchain for "data availability," has introduced "Blobstream," according to a blog post: "Formerly known as the Quantum Gravity Bridge (QGB), Blobstream relays commitments of Celestia’s data root using an onchain light client, enabling Ethereum developers to create high-throughput L2s as easily as they develop smart contracts." $TIA
Lightspark, Led by Former Facebook Libra Exec, Releases 'Universal Money Address' Standard
Oct. 23: Lightspark, the Lightning Network-focused payments protocol led by David Marcus, creator of Facebook owner Meta's since-abandoned to launch the Libra (later renamed Diem) stablecoin, announced the open-source Universal Money Address (UMA) standard, according to a blog post: "UMA addresses enable near-instant, secure, and open payments in any currency. UMA extends the capabilities of LNURL and Lightning Addresses to add messaging support for compliance and fiat currency FX. These additional features, combined with the Lightning Network's near real-time settlement capabilities and the global liquidity profile of Bitcoin, will enable people worldwide to send and receive money at low cost."
Open sourcing the Universal Money Address (UMA) standard. Money needs to move like email, so we’ve extended Lightning and LNURL to support compliance and FX. Users will be able to send/receive fiat & crypto via their UMA-enabled exchange, wallet, or bank. https://t.co/zKuydqRH7g pic.twitter.com/ye7PWsGMRI
— David Marcus (@davidmarcus) October 23, 2023
Blockaid, Web3 Security Firm, Raises $27M From Ribbit, Variant
Oct. 23: Blockaid, a Web3 security company used by firms like Metamask and Opensea, has raised a $27 million Series A led by Ribbit Capital and Variant. The round also saw participation from Cyberstarts, Sequoia Capital and Greylock Partners. The New York and Tel Aviv-based company said it would use the funding to scale its product, customer base and team to address the industry’s security challenges, which it described as “never-ending” in an emailed announcement on Monday.
Hybrid Exchange GRVT to Build on Matter Labs' ZK Stack
Oct. 22: Gravity (GRVT), a new self-custodial crypto hybrid exchange, will operate a Hyperchain using Matter Labs' ZK Stack. "Custom sequencing logic enables GRVT to unlock CEX-like high throughput and low latency," according to a blog post. "Custom sequencing logic enables GRVT to unlock CEX-like high throughput and low latency. On the other hand, an example of how GRVT can horizontally scale its infrastructure is by running different orderbooks as dedicated app-chains, with the expectation of achieving speeds of up to 600,000 trades per second with less than 2 milliseconds of latency."
Hiro, Maker of Bitcoin Developer Tools, Releases Clarinet SDK
Oct. 22: Hiro, a maker of developer tools for Bitcoin layers, has "opened up Clarinet to the JavaScript world," according to a post. The team has released a new software development kit (SDK) "allowing developers to write Clarinet tests in a more standard and readable format."
ZkLend, Money-Market Protocol, Launches on Starknet
Oct. 22: ZkLend, a layer-2 money-market protocol on Starknet, announced its mainnet launch, according to a message from the team: "With Cairo VM technology, zkLend ensures scalability and security. The mainnet introduces wstETH support for staking and DeFi. ZkLend holds 17% of Starknet DeFi TVL, totaling $7.5 million, showcasing its leadership."
Upland Raises $7M in Series A Extension
Oct. 22: Upland, a Web3 metaverse app on the EOS blockchain, raised an additional $7 million as an extension to its Series A funding, according to a press release. "The Series A extension adds EOS Network Ventures as a new investor, alongside participation from existing investors C3 Venture Capital, Animoca Brands, and angel investors." $EOS
Coinbase's Base Blockchain Introduces Bootcamp
Oct. 22: Coinbase's Base blockchain has introduced "Base Bootcamp," an "eight-week immersive program," according to a blog post. "Base Bootcamp is designed for experienced developers (mid to senior level Software Engineering individual contributors) who are interested in learning smart contract development." Applications for the coming cohort will close Oct. 27.
Tokenization of RWAs Gets Boost With DTCC Deal to Buy Blockchain Startup Securrency
Oct. 20: Key U.S-based clearinghouse Depository Trust & Clearing Corp. (DTCC) has agreed to buy institutional blockchain infrastructure provider Securrency to expand its digital asset capabilities. According to a Thursday press release, Securrency will become DTCC's fully-owned subsidiary under the name DTCC Digital Assets.
Crypto Platform Beluga Raises $4M, Led by FinCapital
Oct. 19: Beluga, a crypto platform for onboarding new users, raised $4 million in a seed round, according to a press release. The round was led by Fin Capital with participation from Anagram, UDHC, Dispersion Capital, Aptos Labs, 2 Punks Capital, Borderless Capital, Kyber Capital, 186 Ventures, W11 Capital and Rubik Ventures. "Angel investors include Charlie Lee, founder of Litecoin; Mike Lempres, former chief risk and legal officer of Coinbase; Brandon Gath, head of Kraken Ventures; Akash Garg, former CTO of MoonPay; Salil Pitroda, former Blockchain.com board observer; Howard Lindzon, co-founder of Stocktwits; and Jim Robinson, co-founder of RRE Ventures."
Pantera, Susquehanna and HashKey Back DEX SynFutures With $22M Funding
Oct. 19: SynFutures, a perpetual futures decentralized exchange (DEX), has raised a $22 million Series B led by Pantera Capital, alongside fellow crypto industry investor heavyweights. Pantera Capital was joined by Susquehanna International Group and HashKey Capital, according to an emailed announcement on Thursday.
Nomura-Backed Komainu Joins Crypto Custodian Copper’s ClearLoop Network
Oct. 19: Komainu, a crypto custody joint venture of Nomura, Ledger and CoinShares, is joining Copper’s ClearLoop network, the company said Thursday. The tie-up will allow institutional clients of Komainu to trade over ClearLoop, the firm said. The clients will be able to benefit from regulated, on-chain custody provided by Komainu, while at the same time gaining access to off-exchange settlement through the network.
Circle to Let Merchants Pay for Customers' Gas Fees With Web3 Wallet Upgrade
Oct. 19: USDC stablecoin issuer Circle Internet Financial on Thursday released an upgrade for its Web3 programmable crypto wallet that allows merchants to take over and pay for their customers' transaction fees. According to the press release, the new function called Gas Station lets businesses sponsor users' gas fees – the cost for money transfers on blockchains – leveraging the ERC-4337 paymaster. $USDC
Copper Integrates Stacks Layer for Bitcoin
Oct. 19: Copper.co, a digital-asset custodian, has integrated Stacks, a network that enables the creation of decentralised applications (dApps) and smart contracts on top of the Bitcoin blockchain, according to a press release. "Through this integration, institutional clients gain the ability to safely custody, trade, and leverage Stacking with all existing and future SIP-010 tokens on the Stacks blockchain." $BTC
Bitcoin Asset Manager Onramp Unveils Multisig Platform, Adds BitGo to Custodians
Oct. 19: Bitcoin financial services firm Onramp's asset management platform has opened for business with BitGo among its custodians. Austin, Texas-based Onramp launched a spot bitcoin (BTC) trust in April targeting high-net-worth investors.
Anoma Foundation to Incent Namada Builders With 10M NAM
Oct. 19: Anoma Foundation announced new rewards for the Community Builders Program for Namada, the first multichain privacy protocol on Cosmos, according to the team: "The Anoma Foundation will also incentivize selected builders with 10 million NAM tokens (appx 1% of the total supply). It will be encoded into the genesis block of the Namada blockchain following the completion of the Retroactive Public Goods Funding (RPGF) Round."
Coreum Blockchain Turns to BitGo for Custom Payments
Oct. 19: Coreum, an enterprise-grade layer-1 blockchain, announced a new partnership with crypto custodian BitGo, according to a message from the team: "This partnership with BitGo aims to create a highly secure and streamlined gateway for global institutions to leverage Coreum's enterprise solutions. BitGo’s bank-grade custody services allows Coreum to offer novel blockchain-based solutions including custom payments, rewards programs, tokenization opportunities, and peer-to-peer insurance products."
Primex Finance Deploys Mainnet App
Oct. 19: Primex Finance announced the deployment of its mainnet app, accompanied by a liquidity mining program, according to a message from the team: "This marks the most significant milestone for the protocol in the past two years. Commencing on Oct. 19, users will have the ability to engage in trading across multiple aggregated decentralized exchanges (DEXs). This includes features such as leverage, limit orders, and position management, mirroring the functionality and interfaces of centralized exchanges (CEXs), all powered by a decentralized trade execution mechanism."
'Ryder One' Hardware Wallet Released
Oct. 19: Ryder announced the launch of the Ryder One hardware wallet, “introducing a new standard for Web3 self-custody that eliminates the complicated seed phrase process with novel TapSafe recovery,” according to a message from the team. “The launch of the wallet comes on the heels of Ryder's close of a successful $1.2M raise from industry heavyweights Oak Grove Ventures, Co-founder of Trust Machines Muneeb Ali, and SBX Capital, Bitcoin Frontier Fund, among others.”
Quantstamp Adds 'DeFi Protection'
Oct. 19: Quantstamp is announcingDeFi Protection, "a new security product that will reimburse users for their DeFi losses," according to a message from the team. "DeFi Protection checks the safety of smart contracts, alerts users to any threats and provides 24/7 support from security auditors. Critically, the product also features a guarantee program that will reimburse DeFi Protection customers for any losses due to a gap in Quantstamp’s security services."
Insomnia Labs Announces Blockchain Tech Stack 'Loyalty+'
Oct. 19: Insomnia Labs, an NYC-based Web3 solutions firm dedicated to bringing brands into Web3, is set to announce the launch of Loyalty+, a next-generation blockchain-based tech stack aimed at transforming the landscape of brand loyalty, in collaboration with Web3 loyalty and rewards program provider Co:Create, Smart Token Labs, Cookie3 and Crossmint, according to a message from the team.
Helix, Injective-Based DEX, to Offer ‘Pre-Launch’ Token Futures, Starting With Celestia’s
Oct. 18: Helix, the decentralized orderbook exchange built on the Injective blockchain, on Wednesday announced plans for Pre-Launch Futures, according to a message from the Injective team: “Helix will be the first exchange to grant the general public access to the Celestia (TIA) token through its perpetual market through this new Pre-Launch Futures product. Traditionally, gaining access to assets before their official launch has been a privilege reserved for early contributors, VCs or wealthy insiders. Helix is aiming to disrupt this closed system by allowing, for the first time ever, the decentralized trading of popular upcoming tokens prior to their official launch or listing on a public cryptocurrency exchange.” $INJ
Masa Unveils V3 of its Dapp
Oct. 18: Masa, an on-chain identity infrastructure for Web3, has unveiled Masa Dapp 3.0, offering a simplified and improved user experience, according to the team. “The launch marks an evolution in their product suite and services, including Masa Analytics. Special limited-time reward campaigns with partners like Base Daily and QuickSwap are being introduced to celebrate the launch. Masa 3.0 also introduces a newly designed dashboard, streamlining user navigation.”
SYS Labs Announces Next Phase of Rollux Layer-2
Oct. 18: SYS Labs, a Web3 product suite powered by Syscoin, has announced the next phase of Rollux, an innovative EVM layer-2 solution, according to a message from the team: “Harnessing the strength of Bitcoin to optimize the performance of Ethereum network applications, Rollux has introduced a full suite of DeFi tools -including a ZK-lite client, cross-chain bridges, DEXs, liquidity protocols, yield aggregators and a launchpad- to lay the foundation of a comprehensive Web3 ecosystem.” $ETH $BTC
Hyper Oracle Launches OpML
Oct. 18: A message from the Hyper Oracle team: "@punk6529 tweeted: 'in a world of infinite AI content and avatars, only crypto will be used to 'prove' anything.' And indeed zkML is all over X/Twitter being promoted as the solution. But does it work? It’s too early. Generating a zero-knowledge proof of a one-time Twitter algorithm inference would cost $80K. However, we can generate optimistic proofs with opML. OpML is to zkML, what optimistic rollups are to zk rollups, the efficient and cheap alternative. Hyper Oracle just launched opML and put a 7B parameter ML model onchain. With opML, we can bring unparalleled transparency into the AI space."
Methodic CoinDesk ETH Staking Fund Launches
Oct. 19: Methodic Capital Management on Wednesday announced the launch of the Methodic CoinDesk ETH Staking Fund, designed to offer professional investors the total return of ether (ETH) by combining exposure to both the token itself and staking rewards.
API3 Deploys 'Decentralized Data Feeds' to 5 Chains
Oct. 18: According to a press release: "API3 recently announced the deployment of its decentralized data feeds (dAPIs) across five new chains: Base, Kava, Linea, Mantle and Rootstock. This significant expansion reflects API3's commitment to revolutionizing decentralized finance (DeFi) by supporting as many chains as possible with verifiable, decentralized data feeds maintained on-chain directly by the data providers."
Ether.Fi Rolls Out Liquid Staking Token eETH, to Be Restaked on EigenLayer
Oct. 18: Decentralized finance (DeFi) protocol ether.fi, which raised $5.3M in March in a seed round led by North Island VC, has rolled out a liquid staking token (LST) called "eETH" that allows users to generate rewards by staking ether (ETH). The plan “will allow users to stake their ETH to accrue staking rewards and automatically restake their ETH in EigenLayer," according to a press release. "Ether.fi will be working with DeFi launch partners to create utility for eETH from day one, including Balancer, Gravita, Pendle and LayerZero.”
Cobo Launches 'MPC Lite' for Lower-Cost Crypto Custody
Oct. 18: Cobo, a digital-asset custody solutions provider, has launched Cobo MPC Lite, according to a message from the team: “The high costs and technical complexities associated with enterprise-grade MPC custody solutions have made them out of reach for many growing Web3 teams. To address this need, Cobo developed Cobo MPC Lite, paving the way for widespread adoption of enterprise-grade MPC custody.” MPC stands for “multi-party computation,” a cryptographic security measure that is used in a growing number of crypto wallets.
Bracket Launches Testnet for Arbitrum-Based Trading Platform 'Passage'
Oct. 17: Bracket Labs, a finalist in Binance's 2023 Summer Web3 Reality Show "Build The Block," has launched the testnet for Passages, its Arbitrum-based volatility market product, according to a message from the team. "Built by a senior team with experience from D.E Shaw, Merrill Lynch, Barclays, Bloomberg, Consensys, DeerCreek and more, Passage is a new one-click range-bound trading platform with leveraged volatility options for any market condition."
Taurus to Integrate Elliptic's Wallet Screening Tool
Oct. 17: Taurus SA, a FINMA-regulated custody and tokenization technology provider, and Elliptic, a global leader in cryptoasset risk management, announced a partnership "to provide banking-grade security and compliance to the market," according to the team. "As part of this collaboration, Taurus will integrate Elliptic’s wallet screening tool into Taurus-PROTECT, the European leading digital asset custody solution for banks and corporates. Merging Elliptic’s crypto screening capabilities with its custody platform will allow Taurus to seamlessly manage AML and fraud risks in full compliance with all applicable regulations."
Spheron Embarks on Next Phase, Discloses $7M 2022 Fundraise
Oct. 17: Spheron, a specialist in Web3 infrastructure and “platform-as-a-service” or “PaaS,” has “embarked on a phase 2 of its roadmap with the primary goal of addressing the UX, security and reliability issues in the existing Web3 Infra layer,” according to a press release. The startup disclosed that it raised $7 million in a funding round in August 2022 from investors including Alphawave Ventures, NexusVP, Zee Prime Capital, Protocol Labs, ConsenSys Mesh, Paradigm Shift Capital,Matrix Partners India and Tykhe Ventures. Angel investors including Sandeep Nailwal, Aniket Jindal Julian Traversa also joined in the round.
ARPA Network's Random Number Generator 'Randcast' Live on Optimism
Oct. 16: ARPA Network's random number generator (RNG), Randcast, has gone live on Optimism, a layer-2 blockchain atop Ethereum. "Their aim is to foster a more secure, dynamic, and immersive experience in the world of on-chain games and autonomous worlds," according to a message from the team. "Random Number Generation (RNG) is vital to many digital and online spaces, including the gaming industry. There is currently no mature and secure random number solution available on Optimism, which is why ARPA made this move." $OP $ETH
Acme, Backed by Safe, Announces Beta Launch
Oct. 16: Acme, the intent-based network simplifying on-chain transactions, is announcing its beta launch onstage today at GITEX in Dubai, according to a message from the team. "Acme seeks to break down barriers to digital ownership, enabling secure digital asset transactions with one tap. Acme’s intent-based network is backed by Safe, the pioneering account abstraction infrastructure provider, and Gelato, the Web3 service provider enabling gasless transactions."
Internet Computer's Dfinity Building Carbon Credit-Inspired Tech for Waste Management
Oct. 16: Internet Computer blockchain (ICP) contributor the Dfinity Foundation is developing a technology for a global standard to incentivize recycling activities.
Unstoppable Domains Integrates with Webacy
Oct. 16: Unstoppable Domains, a platform for user-owned digital identity with 3.9M domains, has announced a partnership and integration with the leading crypto-wallet security protocol, Webacy, backed by Gary Vaynerchuk, according to a message from the team. “This will enable users to assess the risk levels of wallets connected to their Web3 domains via a ‘safety score’ and inform them of potential financial risks based on a set of factors. It also gives users the power to trigger a Panic Button, enabling them to move assets in bulk to another wallet in case of a compromise.”
EOS EVM Releases Trustless Bridging of USDT From Native Layer
Oct. 16: The EOS Network Foundation (ENF) said EOS EVM v0.6.0 has gone live on the main network. "The highlight of this release is the trustless bridging of USDT from the EOS Native layer to the EOS EVM," according to a message from the team. "The release also introduces mechanisms for cross-virtual machine communication, opening the door for novel use-cases." $EOS
Contango Spreads to Optimism After Arbitrum Launch
Oct. 16: Contango, a decentralized market that builds futures on top of money markets, has brought its flasgship product, cPerps, to Optimism, after a successful launch on Arbitrum recently, according to a message from the team."CPerps are built by automating a looping strategy on money markets using flash loans. Looping, also known as recursive borrowing and lending, is the DeFi-native way of leveraging on-chain. Currently Contango has integrated with Aave, the leading lending market in DeFi, to tap into its $4.6B liquidity. The team, however, plans to expand both horizontally, to more chains, and vertically, to more money markets." (The debut of cPerps was reported in Protocol Village on Oct. 4.) $OP $ARB
Gnosis Developers Get Access to Moralis Web3 APIs
Oct. 16: Gnosis Chain, an EVM layer-1 blockchain, and Moralis, a leading Web3 data provider, “announced a collaboration to empower development of advanced Web3 solutions on Gnosis Chain. A response to substantial demand from the Moralis community, this partnership gives developers building on Gnosis Chain access to Moralis’ expansive suite of Web3 APIs, further solidifying the blockchain’s position as a developer-optimized, innovation-focused network.” Developers can access resources and tutorials at moralis.io/chains/gnosis/.
Bradley Keoun
Bradley Keoun is CoinDesk's managing editor of tech & protocols, where he oversees a team of reporters covering blockchain technology, and previously ran the global crypto markets team. A two-time Loeb Awards finalist, he previously was chief global finance and economic correspondent for TheStreet and before that worked as an editor and reporter for Bloomberg News in New York and Mexico City, reporting on Wall Street, emerging markets and the energy industry. He started out as a police-beat reporter for the Gainesville Sun in Florida and later worked as a general-assignment reporter for the Chicago Tribune. Originally from Fort Wayne, Indiana, he double-majored in electrical engineering and classical studies as an undergraduate at Duke University and later obtained a master's in journalism from the University of Florida. He is currently based in Austin, Texas, and in his spare time plays guitar, sings in a choir and hikes in the Texas Hill Country. He owns less than $1,000 each of several cryptocurrencies.